In a recent conversation with a customer one of our technical engineers was asked which would be best suited to a specific application; a ball screw or a lead screw. We recognised that this is a question we’ve been asked a number of times in the past – and will no doubt be asked again in future – so we thought it would be helpful if we explored some of the pros and cons of ball screws vs lead screws, with some examples of where each are well suited. This may help you to decide between the available options for your own application, and narrow your search for a spindle which best meets your needs.

 What are the pros and cons of ball screws? Pros:

• Higher positional accuracy
• High speeds and lead options
• Require less torque so smaller, cheaper motors
• Energy efficient
• Low friction
• Run at low temperatures for high duty
• Adjustable for preload and axial play

Cons:

• Require braking systems
• Require grease or oil lubrication
• No self-locking
• Less shock-resistance than lead screws
• More expensive

What are the pros and cons of lead screws? Pros:

• Lower cost than ball screws
• Self-locking (dependant on thread angle)
• Do not always require braking system
• Can be self-lubricating bronze or plastic nuts
• Can carry heavier loads than ballscrew screw counterparts

  Cons:

• Require more regular maintenance, costing more long-term
• Less efficient; require greater torque/larger motor
• Higher friction, thus run at a higher temperature
• Not as well suited to high-speed applications or continuous/long cycle times
• More axial play/lower position accuracy

So which should I choose – a ball screw or a lead screw? Hopefully the information here has given you a better steer on which option would be best suited to your application.